Wednesday, January 29, 2020
Fredrick Jackson Turner Essay Example for Free
Fredrick Jackson Turner Essay Fredrick Jackson Turner was an American Historian who examined the unique characteristics that defined American Culture. Turner was a well educated man receiving his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1884 and his Masters Degree in 1888. He continued his education at John Hopkins University and received a PhD in history. He taught most of his professional life at the University of Wisconsin and then Harvard in 1910. Rise of the West, and Significance of Sections in American History for which he received the Pulitzer Prize have become standards in the study of American History.  He is most well known for his â€Å"Frontier Thesis†which he developed in 1893. Shortly, after the United States Census Bureau in 1890 declared the American Frontier officially closed, Jackson’s interest was peaked and he set out to study and analyze America’s relationship with it’s own frontier. In 1893 he publicly spoke about this thesis in Chicago at the World’s Columbian Exposition. He stated â€Å"Up to our own day American history has been in a large degree the history of the colonization of the Great West.† In 1921, Fredrick Jackson Turner published a full length text titled The Frontier in American History. In it he explores his thesis which stated The existence of an area of free land, its continuous recession, and the advance of American settlement westward, explain American development (Turner 1)            Turner’s fascination with the frontier and probably his inspiration for studying and understanding the importance of the American Frontier in American History stems back to his childhood. He grew up in in Portage, Wisconsin. His backyard bumped right against the meeting of two bodies of water Fox River and Wisconsin River. The small town had many characteristics that would have been found in frontier town. When he describes his childhood he tells of the Native American teepees where he fished as a boy. Native Americans were often in town to sell various pieces of craft and jewelry to the local stores.            To understand America and its culture it was extremely important to understand the frontier and America’s connection to it. Turner believed that the frontier â€Å"Americanized Americansâ€Å". This Americanization lasted close to 300 years, starting at the colonization of the New England coast and continuing until the west was completely settled. The free land offered in the west, the frontier, was a safety net which offered property ownership opportunities to people who traditionally could no afford to own anything. In the text of The Frontier of American History, he comments â€Å"So long as free land exists, the opportunity for a competency exists, and economic power secures political power†(Turner 32). Discontent and poverty revolts were almost unheard in those 300 years. He argues that the frontier produces and shapes a particular type of man who is full â€Å"of coarseness and strengthacuteness and inquisitiveness, (of) that practical and inventive turn of mind(full of) restless and nervous energy that buoyancy and exuberance which comes with freedom.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Turner 37). Turner’s believed that the western movement was the main factor contributing to the basis of American’s institutions and culture. Conditions of living and conquering the wilderness permanently altered the European settlers of the New England coastline to a new national breed.            Turner goes on to compare the American Frontier to Europe. In explaining their similarities, he states†What the Mediterranean Sea was to the Greeks, breaking the bonds of custom, offering new experiences, calling out new institutions and activities, the   ever-retreating frontier has been to the United States directlyâ€Å" (Turner 38). Turner continues to explain that to the while Europe had it’s own frontiers, it effected them â€Å"more remotelyâ€Å". Turner believed that the frontier shaped the American character and the closing of the Western Frontier signified the United States graduating from it’s initial development into something much more mature. Turner summaries by commenting â€Å" four centuries from the discovery of America, at the end of a hundred years of life under the Constitution, the frontier has gone, and with its going has closed the first period of   American history†(Turner 38). In The Frontier of American History, while he writes about America as an example he gives a detailed general explanation that he believes could be used in understanding other nation’s cultural growth patterns. Fredrick Turner believes that the growth and settlement is the first period of progress in any nation’s development. This expansion is followed by followed by periods of social and economic development. Each of which is frontier all it’s own. Turner explains with an example: Stand at Cumberland Gap and watch the procession of civilization, marching single filethe buffalo following the trail to the salt springs, the Indian, the fur-trader and hunter, the cattle-raiser, the pioneer farmerand the frontier has passed by. Stand at South Pass in the Rockies a century later and see the same procession with wider intervals between (Turner 12)                He believed that the American West created the first truly free man. The European Frontier was nothing more than people recreating Old World values and deferring to authority. The frontier in America had no law, no authority, and men lived by their wits. America thinks of it’s frontier as being within the country not at the edge. There is no line which separates the frontier from settled land. America’s frontier is transient and terrestrial.  However, the European frontier is fixed, and completely permanent.            Turner’s research and thesis contrasted strikingly with his historic contemporaries who believed that America was based on Europe. And it was the European historical legacy brought over with the colonists that gave America it’s uniqueness. Fredrick Turner believed that the American Frontier and the surrounding experiences should be respected and spoke about of with dignity.            Of course there are several flaws in his thesis. He failed to speak about the effect of the American Frontier on women and minorities. Turner’s theory was deemed ethnocentric and nationalistic. His premise also showed a large separation between rural American and the future urban or city culture.  Another problem with his safety net proposal is that it is not true for anything after the Civil War. In the slavery ridden South many blacks sought refuge in the frontier before the Civil War. However, after the Civl War, the poverty stricken south it was impossible for people to have enough money for transportation, and setting up homesteads in the West. It is important to note that Turner’s Frontier Thesis goes head to head with the theory that slavery was the defining factor in American history. The government actually gave away more free land after the official closing of the American Frontier than in all the years preceding 1890. Turner’s thesis and research were not, at the time of it’s original, publication embraced.  Much of that coldness he received from his peers was due to his blunt, forceful nature and writing style. When he spoke about his â€Å"Frontier Thesis†, he commanded his fellow historians to turn their mindset from European history to the American West. He comments often that American Historians ‘had it all wrong’ and he was right. His aggressive preaching may have turned other researchers off to even considering his thesis.            Fredrick Jackson Turner does a good job of fleshing out his thesis. I do agree that the American Frontier had a huge effect on defining what America is and who Americans are. I do think that Turner’s â€Å"Frontier Thesis†has it’s problems which I stated above. I think it is important to point out that understanding the birth of truly American Ideals you must look at several different theories developed by various Historians. I agree with the points that Fredrick Turner makes. Especially concerning how settlers of the frontier needed to be self sufficient and self governing.            Regardless, if historians agree with Turner or agree to disagree the impact of his â€Å"Frontier Thesis, is indisputable. He introduced the idea that daily events of regular people make up history that is it is true history. He nurtured and detailed his belief that the physical land can be a major factor in defining and shaping a culture, particularly the American Culture. Fredrick Jackson Turner breathed life into the American Western landscape, letting the Frontier transform from a mere setting to a powerful tool in chiseling the America’s historical and cultural legacy.  Bibliography Hutton, T.R.C. Beating a Dead Horse?: The Continuing Presence of Frederick Jackson Turner in Environmental and Western History. International Social Science Review (2002): 47+. Questia. 10 Dec. 2005 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=od=5000838961. Ritchie, Robert C., and Paul Andrew Hutton, eds. Frontier and Region: Essays in Honor of Martin Ridge. 1st ed. San Marino, CA: Huntington Library Press, 1997. Questia. 10 Dec. 2005 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=od=10400476. Turner, Frederick Jackson. The Frontier in American History. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1921. Questia. 10 Dec. 2005 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=od=10376565. White, Richard, and Richard White. Chapter Ten When Frederick Jackson TurnerAnd Buffalo Bill Cody BothPlayed Chicago in 1893. Frontier and Region: Essays in Honor of Martin Ridge. Ed. Robert C. Ritchie and Paul Andrew Hutton. 1st ed. San Marino, CA: Huntington Library Press, 1997. 201-211. Questia. 10 Dec. 2005 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=od=10400690.
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
Teenage Prostitution as a Response to Gender Roles in Japanese Society :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers
Teenage Prostitution as a Response to Gender Roles in Japanese Society Buuuzzzzzzz. â€Å"Oh, a page,†says Michiko to her friend, â€Å"give me a minute to check it.†She pulls out her mobile phone and dials the number to check her messages. This message is from one of her regular customers, Mr. Tanaka. He would like to meet this afternoon at the little restaurant next to the same â€Å"love hotel†they used last week (a place that rents theme rooms by the hour). Michiko giggles to her friend, â€Å"Poor Tanaka-san, he is such a lonely guy, but he’s very generous.†Michiko meets up with Tanaka-san, a businessman in his mid-forties, later that afternoon. They grab an early dinner, then head directly to the love hotel. After about an hour, their transaction is complete and Tanaka-san â€Å"offers†Michiko about  ¥10,000. Suddenly, Michiko notices the time. It’s nearly eight, and she has about an hour commute, by train, to her house in the suburbs. â€Å"My parents will be angry that I’m so late again, especially since I have an important algebra exam in the morning!†Michiko quickly kisses Tanaka-san on the cheek and rushes around collecting her things. â€Å"Call me soon. Okay?†says the seventeen-year-old as she slips out the door. Michiko and Tanaka-san are imaginary, yet they illustrate a very real phenomenon in Japanese society  teenage prostitution. Young girls selling themselves to older men is not a new phenomenon. Underage women around the globe resort to prostitution as a means of survival. There are few industries women can enter where capital costs are low, barriers to entry are few, and educational requirements are nil. Yet what is puzzling in the Japanese case is that most young women like Michiko do not depend on the money they receive from prostitution for survival  yet it does help to buy Burberry scarves, Chanel hand bags and other â€Å"must-haves†(Moffett 50). While it is tempting to say that teenage prostitution is a means for young women to obtain the material items they feel they cannot live without, there is more to this phenomenon than meets the eye. If it were merely a matter of wanting extra money, young girls would most likely seek legitimate employment  translation, the increasing popularity of prostitution among teenage girls in Japan is a response to the strict gender stratification of Japanese society.
Monday, January 13, 2020
PESTEL Analysis (Coca Cola Bottlers Philippines Inc.) Essay
Political Factors Political analysis examines the current and potential influences from political pressures. The non-alcoholic beverages falls in the category under the FDA and the government plays a role within the operation of manufacturing these products. In terms of regulations, the government has the power to set potential fines for the companies that did not meet their standard law requirement. The changes in laws and regulations, such as accounting standards, taxation requirements and environmental laws and foreign jurisdictions might affect the book of the company as well as their entry in foreign country. Other than that, the changes in the nature of business as non-alcoholic beverages can gain competitive product and pricing pressures and the ability to improve or maintain the share in sales in global market as a result of action by competitors. The political conditions of the country are also basis of the study, especially in internal markets and other governmental changes that affects thei r ability to penetrate the developing and emerging markets that involves the political and economic conditions. However, Coca Cola continuously monitoring the policies and regulations set by the government. Economic Factors Economic analysis examines the local, national and world economy impact which is also includes the issue of recession and inflation rates. The non-alcoholic beverage industry has high sales in countries outside the U.S. According to the Standard and Poor’s Industry surveys, â€Å"For major soft drink companies, there has been economic improvement in many major international markets, such as Japan, Brazil, and Germany.†These markets will continue to play a major role in the success and stable growth for a majority of the non-alcoholic beverage industry. Social Factors The changes in society affect the organization such as changing in lifestyles and attitudes of the market. Consumers from the ages of 37 to 55 are also increasingly concerned with nutrition. There is a large population of the age range known as the baby boomers. Since many are reaching an older age in life they are becoming more concerned with increasing their longevity. This will continue to affect the non-alcoholic beverage industry by increasing the demand overall and in the healthier beverages. The demand for carbonated drinks decreases and this pulled down the revenues of Coca Cola. Technological Factors Technology is the main focus of the analysis where the introduction and the emerging technological techniques are valued. This creates opportunities for new products and product improvements in terms of marketing and production. As the technology advances, new products are introduced into the market. The advancement in technology has led to the creation of cherry coke in 1985 but consumers still prefers the traditional taste of the original coke. Environmental Factors Environmental analysis examines the local, national and world environmental issues. According to the data of the Coca Cola Company, all of the facilities are strictly monitored according to the environmental laws imposed by the government Legal Factors Legal aspect focuses on the effect of the national and world legislation. The Coca Cola Company receives all the rights applicable in the nature of their business and every inventions and product developments are always going into the patented process.
Saturday, January 4, 2020
The Healing Process Essay - 1063 Words
The Healing Process This is a brief psychological overview of the healing process. The image of healing is best described by Gloria Vanderbilt in quot;A Mothers Storyquot; when she talks of breaking the invisible unbreakable glass bubble which enclosed her that kept her always anticipating loss with echoes of all past losses. She wrote, for example (Page 3),quot;Some of us are born with a sense of loss there from the beginning, and it pervades us throughout our lives. Loss, as defined, as deprivation, can be interpreted as being born into a world that does not include a nurturing mother and father. We are captured in an unbreakable glass bubble, undetected by others, and are forever seeking ways to break out, for if we can, surely†¦show more content†¦This was quot;not merely a matter of fulfilling ones own particular talents; it also involves actualizing those potentialities that one has as a human beingquot; The key for Maslow in engaging in this process was that of openness. People must be (Page 117) quot;receptive and responsive to information from the world and from themselves. They do not repress or ignore uncomfortable facts and problems and their view of these facts and problems is not distorted by wishes, fears, past experiences or prejudicesquot;. This freshness of perspective permits spontaneity, creativity which then promotes growth. Growth is perceived as being open to ones self and to others which leads to empathy. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Maslow felt that the purpose of therapy with its quot;unconditional positive regardquot; was to lead the person to such growth and that the result would be love, courage, creativeness, kindness and altruism. Breaking the old habits was the key. Page 127 quot;To the extent that one is open, one rises above the level of an automaton and becomes more of a creative, autonomous subject. And by these means, openness helps give us a sense that our lives are rewardingquot;. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Most psychologists seem to feel therapy is paramount in the process of change. Schoen, says for example,(Page 52) that before therapy quot;we are walled off in ourselves, oftenShow MoreRelatedHolistic Medicine Is A Healing Process1047 Words  | 5 Pagesmedical conditions in the U.S. by holistic doctors. According to Melinda Ratini, DO, MS explains holistic medicine is a healing process as whole person such as mind, body, spirit, and emotions (Ratini, 2013). Holistic medicine is more natural and gentler treatment and less money to spend. There are principles of holistic medicine focuses the holistic approach and healing process as a whole, which are the body, mind, spirit, and emotion. Holistic practitioners believe that the whole person is madeRead MoreThe For Eventual Healing And Recovery Process816 Words  | 4 PagesThe first factor, instillation of hope, is based on the members need to feel there is hope for their eventual healing and recovery to be found in group therapy. Being able to see and getting encouragement from other members that have overcome issues with which they are struggling with also provides much needed hope. This is often seen early in group therapy and because the drop-out rate is highest at this time instillation of hope needs to be facilitated quickly by the group therapist. An exampleRead MoreThe Process and Factors of Wound Healing947 Words  | 4 Pagessystemic infection, increased morbidity, increased value of care, and negative psychosocial consequences (Schindler, Kuhn, Chris topher, Conway, Ridling Simpson; 201one). Wound healing is a dynamic, interactive method involving soluble mediators, blood cells, extracellular matrix, and parenchymal cells. Wound healing has three phases: the inflammatory section, the proliferative part, and the maturational or transforming phase. These phases could overlap in time (Porth, 2011). Inflammatory PhaseRead MoreThe Worlds Self Conscious And The Healing Process1619 Words  | 7 Pageslittle girl is a little man Freud wrote (1933, SE 22:118). He claims that females are unconsciously males until reaching puberty. In the twentieth century, pioneering Doctor Patch Doherty Adams, focuses on the integral part of well-being and the healing process. Adams incorporates a new direction for females’ conscious awareness. By studying the female’s role in the history of feminism and expressive art therapy, revelation should shed a new light on conscious and unconscious thinking. The QuestionRead MoreThe Complex Process of Wound Healing Essay863 Words  | 4 PagesWound healing is a complex process for the body. There are many factors that are involved in the process of wound healing. Surgical technologists need to be aware of how wounds are classified to show level of contamination, the healing process, complications that can delay healing to patients, and the implications. According to J. Zinn (2012), â€Å"In 1964, the National Academy of Sciences National Research Council1 published its land- mark study on the use of ultraviolet lights in the OR, and the eraRead MoreAllowing an Alternative Healing Process Essay1866 Words  | 8 Pagesdiscoveries have been made that say animal assisted therapy also aids in the healing process. One of the quotes that McCulloch lives by is â€Å"cure when possible but comfort always†(One Health Concept) and that is what animals do, they comfort. Adding therapy dogs into the healing process will make it so we will not have to â€Å"rely heavily on the technology of medicine.†Although medicine is a huge participant in the healing process, different people heal in different ways. With animal assisted therapy patientsRead MoreI Am Writing With The Healing Process920 Words  | 4 PagesBriana, I am writing this with the hopes that I may find closer. That I can find peace of mind I have failed to discover while exploring other avenues of the healing process. Although I intend to send this to you, I have no expectation of a reply. This is not an attempt to convince you of anything. You are too intelligent and to stubborn to be persuaded by any words that I may extract from my head. What I write is what I know or feel. I do not claim to understand what you are going through. NothingRead MoreFactors Contributing to the Wound Healing Process Essay568 Words  | 3 PagesWound healing is a very important aspect of the postoperative process. Depending on many different factors pertaining to a postoperative wound; different steps can be taken to decrease a patient’s chance to develop an infection. The one goal a surgical team wants to achieve is to leave a less noticeable scar and no infection in a wound. There are different challenges and situations a Surgical Techno logist and the surgical will have to work around. The wound healing process all depends on theRead MoreEffects Of Laughter Therapy On The Healing Process1794 Words  | 8 Pagesoverall wellbeing. While there has been a great deal of research on the topic it is not practiced as it should be in hospital settings. It is important that we implement change in our evaluation and incorporation of laughter therapy to aid in the healing process to achieve the best overall outcomes for hospital inpatients. Rationale My research will focus on implementing evaluation criteria within each patient assessment as to the benefits of incorporating laughter therapy in the daily care of patientsRead MoreEssay on The Final Process in Inflammation: Wound Healing1750 Words  | 7 PagesIntroduction Wound healing is the final process in inflammation at which the architecture and the function of the tissues were repaired after an injury.[1] Basically, before wound healing takes place, inflammation occurs at which it helps to eliminate the injurious agents and if elimination is not possible, inflammation helps limiting the effects caused by the injurious agents. Finally, it prepares the site of injury for healing process.[2] Picture taken from: http://www.pilonidal.org/aftercare/wound_healing_indepth
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)