Occupational Health And Safety Practices Construction Essay

As mentioned in Chapter 1, the purpose of the study was to analyze the occupational health and rubber eraser patterns in topographical depict at the Municipal Council of Port Louis, concentrating on the administrative cell.Correlating the consequences of the survey to the aims set, grounds hand overs that the existent wellness and safety patterns at the Council be really woeful and on the job conditions ar in a no- nice province.The first observation made is the deficiency of consciousness of respondents with prise to affairs associating to wellness and safety issues. For case, 72.6 % of the 84 respondents atomic number 18 non cognizant of the OSHA 2005, which sets out all the commissariats modulating wellness and safety at exert ( look 1 ) . 77.4 % of the respondents are non cognizant of the Council s wellness and safety Policy ( execute up ) . A Health and sanctuary Policy, as explained in Chapter 2, sets the way for the administration to follow on affairs associat ing to wellness and safety and demonstrates how aims of wellness and safety are integrated in the overall complaint system.The two grounds that stomach devise this state of affairs areThe involuntariness of employees to larn about the OSHA 2005 or the Council s Health and Safety as they may non be intimate concerned by themthese paperss were non communicated to the Staff of the Council as it disregard be discover that correct 6.2 % of senior and 23.1 % of in- amidst directors are non cognizant of the Policy ( participate ) .Health and safety does non fall to the lavish under the duty of billing. Under the OSHA, employees ready the duties to larn about the commissariats of the statute law and to collaborate with steerage in staying by the rules dependably. Besides, by non larning about the jurisprudence, they are seting themselves at hazard by non continuing skinny wellness and safety patterns in their day-to-day undertakings and instruction stub non be entirely blaste d for any(prenominal)(prenominal) accidents, as dictated by the celebrated antediluvian Latin legal philosophy Ignorantia juris non excusat ( Ignorance of the jurisprudence does non excuse ) .However, ideally, direction should render communicated the necessities of the Act to the employees, informing them of their rights and responsibilities.From the secondary information avail commensurate, it was found out that the Council has a Health and Safety Policy which is dated back to 2002 ( Find at extension ) . It was likewise found a Health and Safety Officer, who has late been appointed by the LGSC on a substantial footing has been affix at the Council. This was confirmed by the extremely positive response ( 88.1 % ) of the respondents ( Figure 5 ) .A second observation made is the presence of physical jeopardies at the Council. This substantiates consequences found on the unworthy conditions of the office environs ( Table ) .H weapononizing to 61 % of respondents, the edific e is in a distressing province. This potful be explained by the planet that being a public establishment, it is really hard to happen financess for the building of new office edifices. However, edifices should h honest-to-goodness been maintained on a regular footing.Harmonizing to Section 34 of the OSHA 2005, the office constituteing demand to be of hearty building, bring on a watertight roof, kept free from moistness and be decently maintained. Proper drain system is needed.Therefore, it git be seen that the Council is non following with the jurisprudence.It was found that on that point is hapless(prenominal) airing ( 51.2 % ) and the uncomfortable temperature in the office ( 59.5 % ) can be explained by the hot clime in Port Louis.The office contains eternal beginnings of air pollutants and therefore demands to be aerated on a regular footing to forestall diseases give care the Legionnaires disease which occurs as a consequence of ill maintained airing systems. Manage ment should imagine the installing of mechanical air conditioning, and modulate temperature to do workers comfy.High noise degrees are upseting to the concentration of respondents ( 52.4 % ) . As explained in the literature reviews, inordinate noise can take to interference in communicating and can shock the concentration of workers, cut downing their productiveness. unfortunate housework has resulted in dirty offices ( 52.4 % ) and obstructors such as draging cipher machine and galvanizing overseas telegrams ( 65.5 % ) which represent a serious trip and autumn jeopardy. Accumulation of apportion wastes as explained before, can give rise to biological jeopardies alike(p) genteelness of sources taking to diseases.Harmonizing to Section 35 of the OSHA 2005, the office country needs to be unbroken clean so as to forestall accrual of soil and trade wastes seduce to be removed on a regular footing, with the floor being cleaned atleast one time hebdomadal.This shows non-compliance to the jurisprudence.Besides, in the populace sector, it is common cognition that files are stored in unfastened file cabinets which consequences in accretion of dusts, taking to the dissatisfaction of employees ( 61.9 % ) .It was found that though much respondents are satisfied with the degree of illuming ( 50 % ) , it should be state that they were non asked to limit the types of illuming used. Artificial lighting can be damaging to the wellness of employees in the long term.36.9 % of respondents who claim on occasion suffer from occupational unwellnesss and strivings declared the cause of their agonies to be the hapless office environment hapless temperature and airing systems doing allergic reactions in workers, concerns and oculus annoyances owing to the lighting provided, trips and go from draging overseas telegrams and unequal filing cabinets.The unequal safety steps were besides noted. Harmonizing to 66.7 % of respondents, electrical equipments are non rund on a regula r footing. This consequence in electrical contraptions being damaged taking to overheating, short circuits, or detonations. Harmonizing to the Guidelines from the Government Fire Services dated 28 November 2006, the chief cause of preempt is defective electrical installation/equipment . Hence, electrical installings and equipments have to be decently maintained and tested so as to belittle the hazard of fire.For an administration to be certified by the Fire Services, it has to fulfill some standards, which has been explained in inside informations before. It has to be able to supply to life safety, fire bar, fire protection and fire combat steps.From the account of consequences, it can be noted that % of respondents claim that no clear fire instructions have been issued to them ( Figure )Inadequate safety marks displayed harmonizing to 60.7 % of respondents in TableInadequate exigency exits harmonizing to 51.2 % of respondents ( Figure )Harmonizing to 83.3 % , equal fire conten ding tool are available ( grade )Lack of fire drills harmonizing to 61.9 % of respondents ( figure )Fire dismay system, however whether it is effectual of non, is s really subjective inquiry, as from the above information, it can be deduced that no drills have been carried out to prove the effectivity of the fire dismay systemLack of emptying programs harmonizing to 70.2 % of respondents ( Figure )Therefore, from the above observations, it can be deduced that the Council has non been award a Fire Certificate. This is confirmed by the 44 % of negative responses and 42.9 % of neutral responses ( Figure ) .A 3rd observation made was the deficiency of kosher hygiene provided to the employees ( Table ) . Without proper public assistance installations, workers may experience that their demands are non being catered by direction.The deficiency of dissociate restorative comfortss harmonizing to 81 % of respondents, indicates a misdemeanor of Section 39 of the OSHA 2005 where it has be en stipulated that each organisation has to do proviso for separate and clean healthful comfortss which are good lighted and ventilated for each gender. This creates a deficiency of silence for members of both gender and this can take to much uncomfortableness among them.Harmonizing to Section 41 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act 2005 suited installations for rinsing which shall include a supply of clean H2O, soap, clean towels or other suited agencies of cleansing and drying, and the installations shall be handily accessible and shall be kept in a clean and orderly status . This shows that the Council is non following with the jurisprudence ( 67.9 % respondents non satisfied ) .The deficiency of proviso of a spate ( 83.4 % ) , which consequences in go againsting Section 44 of the OSHA 2005, leads to workers h dodderying their repasts in the office itself. This causes the workstation to be untidy, ensuing in hapless housework.The deficiency of first assistance box is not ed with much concern. Coupled with the deficiency of show of exigency phone Numberss ( Figure 32 ) , and a first assistance box, in instance of any incidents or accidents, there is a hazard of employees non being given first assistance intervention which can ensue in their status being aggravated by the clip they are interpreted to the Hospital.A 4th observation made is the ill designed workstations of workers ( Table ) . Out of the 61.9 % of respondents who are non satisfied with the unnumbered allocated to them in the office ( Figure 40 ) , 75 % are operational workers ( Figure 41 ) . This can be explained by the fact that they have to portion their office infinite with other office equipment like the photocopiers, scanners, pressmans, which take up much office infinite. Besides, ozone gas from these equipments can be really damaging to the wellness of the employees.Inadequate seating ( 68.2 % ) can do musculoskeletal upsets as explained in the literature reviews. It can besides be noted that non merely of respondents, ergonomic computing machine equipments are non provided harmonizing to 57.9 % of respondents, but they are non good positioned in the workstation. Harmonizing to 66.9 % of respondents, their computing machines are non straight in forepart of them when working. This can be explained by the fix office infinite allocated to them, which causes them to strive to the sides to be able to work on the computing machine, doing MSD as explained before. Poor workstation design coupled with a deficiency of proper office accoutrements as indicated by the 74.8 % of respondents, this nurses office work more uncomfortable and boring and besides deleterious to the wellness of the workers.This explains the 23.8 % of workers who claim to endure all the quantify while 36.9 % on occasion suffer from strivings and hurts ( Figure ) . Respondents were asked to stipulate the grounds for their strivings or unwellnesss, and it was found that many of them stated they suffer from back hurting owing to hapless siting agreements and leg strivings owing to miss of footrest, arm and carpus strains to work on the keyboard, insistent clicking of the mouse ensuing in strivings in fingers and carpuss and blaze from computing machine screen ensuing in concerns and oculus annoyances.A 5th observation made is the hapless social relationships of workers at the Council. Merely 28.6 % of respondents entertain good relationships with their co-workers ( Table degree Fahrenheit ) . As has been noted in the statement of consequences, it was found that employees holding more than 24 old ages of working experience at the Council tend to hold better relationships among co-workers compared to the younger coevals ( those holding less than 7 old ages of service are non on good footings with co-workers )It was besides found that all respondents holding less than 7 old ages of service in the organisation are operational workers. ( figure 80 ) The younger coevals tends to be more competitory as they have merely joined the Council and are get downing to construct their calling. As such, they are really ambitious which consequences in the office atmosphere being fraught with competition.On the other manus, those basking more than 24 old ages of service in the organisation are those holding more than 42 old ages of age ( Table 5 ) . Hence, most of them have already reached the pinnacle of their callings which makes them less competitory six a vis their co-workers.Merely 11.9 % of respondents claim to be on good footings with their supervisors ( Figure 47 ) . One ground that could explicate this is the bureaucratic system of direction in topographic point at the Council. As pointed out by Jerald Hage et Al ( 1971860 ) as organisations become more formalistic and centralised, communicating between individuals in different sections tend to diminish . Hence, owing to the hierarchal construction of the Council, the lower class employees do non acquire to p ass on much with the top direction.Another ground for the hapless relationship with direction is the secernment about the distribution of undertakings to the employees. 40.5 % of respondents feel they are overloaded with work ( figure 49 ) . Figure 53 throws more light to this statement, as it was found that out of the 34.5 % of respondents who claim to be enduring from favoritism at work, 96.6 % are workers holding less than 15 old ages of service at the Council and most of them stated that they are discriminated onthe distribution of undertakings by their supervisors. They stated that they are allocated more and complicated undertakings than their older co-workers.58.3 % of respondents feel they are working below their capablenesss ( figure50 ) . An in-depth analysis ( fig ) shows that workers throughout all degrees of the occupational hierarchy feel they are non working up to their degree. It can be noted that even workers holding less than 23 old ages of working experience at t he Council feel they are non working up to their degrees. Today, many employees of the Public heavens are good educated, but owing to the high criterions and processs in topographic point by the LGSC, it is non well-fixed to be awarded publicities.This leads to frustration in workers that they are non accomplishing their coveted place in the administration. They feel they can make a much better occupation than the 1 that has been allocated to them. This explains the competitory behavior among co-workers. This besides leads to extremely restricted and skilled employees go forthing the Council as they find better occupation chances in the private sector. This consequences in a encephalon drain of the administration, which it exit endure in the hereafter when it would miss qualified staff.It has been found that 26.19 % of respondents are harassed all the times and 30.95 % who claim to be harassed on occasion ( Figure ) . They were asked to stipulate the types of torment they faced and many stated that they are verbally harassed by their higher-ups and members of the populace. Some even stated they are harassed by their co-workers. As has been described before, torment of strong-arming at work have a negative impact on the mental province and morale of the worker. Some workers stated that they have suffered from aggressive behaviors and even physically abuse by members of the populace. This confirms the unequal system of security in topographic point at the Council by 64.3 % of respondents ( Table )From the above information, it can be concluded that the Council s commonwealth is psychologically ill. Workers are faced with excessively much force per unit area at work to run into deadlines and they have to cover with verbal torment from their supervisors to acquire the occupation done more rapidly. This explains why 40.5 % of respondents feel they have excessively much work to make.As has been explained before, this leads to defeat, high degree of emphasis whi ch can be harmful to the wellness of workers. Coupled with this, there exist hapless interpersonal relationships among workers. From Hawthorne surveies, it can be said that it is non the physical conditions or the organisation construction which affects public presentation but it was the quality of interpersonal relationships, peculiar workers relationships with their higher-ups that aid to hike morale and productiveness.Another observation made is the deficiency of wellness oversight provided to the workers harmonizing to 96.4 % of respondents ( Figure ) .Another observation made was the deficiency of preparation provided harmonizing to 92.9 % of the respondents ( Figure ) . Without proper preparation, workers would non be able to execute their plants safely, ensuing in the high rate of unwellnesss and hurts as shown in Figureaa..From the above observations, it can be deduced that hazard appraisals are non carried out as confirmed by 86.7 % of respondents ( Figure ) . Had hazard a ppraisals been carried out, the jeopardies observed in the Council would hold been identify and measures taken to extinguish them.Coupled with this, 57.1 % of respondents claim that accidents are non reported, registered or enquired into ( figure ) . This demonstrates hapless accident coverage system ensuing from a deficiency of communicating between direction and employees.Another observation made is the absence of a good established Health and Safety direction. Figure 9 substantiates the statement. 91.7 % of respondents confirmed that there are no wellness and safety commission at the Council.This guessing supply some accounts for the above mentioned defects and non conformity of the Torahs detected. Had there been a Safety and Health Committee, it would hold taken into history the grudges of the employees, devised a suited preparation programme, set up a codification of behavior for employees with respects to proper wellness and safety patterns. It would hold ensured that haza rd appraisals and audits are carried out to place jeopardies and reported to Committee for appropriate steps to be taken to command or extinguish them.It has besides been observed that overall, there is been a negative response ( 65.5 % ) about the wellness and safety patterns at the Council ( Figure ) .Sum uping the statements of consequences of the study, ground on literature reappraisals and associating the office environment, workstation design, hygiene installations, safety and interpersonal relationships, there are ample impressive evidence that the wellness and safety patterns at the Municipal Council of Port Louis is really deficient. This consequences from a deficiency of direction and the council members committedness and employees engagement, ensuing from the stiffly hierarchal construction of the Council. This stems besides from the deficiency of wellness and safety officeholder in the yesteryear.Correlating the findings of the study and the rules of the OHSMS descr ibed in the literature reviews, it can be said that there is an absence of a proper system of occupational wellness and safety direction.However, as has been stated earlier in this chapter, a Health and Safety Officer has late been posted at the Council. With the coaction of direction, council members and the employees, he will hold the duty of puting up a proper OHSMS to heighten the wellness and safety patterns at the Council. This can assist construct the psychological environment in which workers would experience healthy, secure, safe and most significantly, they will experience valued.